Showing posts with label Places. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Places. Show all posts

Tuesday, April 5, 2011

World's most expensive airport

Hong Kong International Airport, the chief Airport of Hong Kong is also one of the famous Airports in the world. Since, the airport was built on the island of Chek Lap Kok by the process of land reclamation; it is popular among the local people as the Chek Lap Kok Airport.

World's Most Expensive Airport
HONG KONG INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT
Price: U.S. $ 20 billion

Friday, April 1, 2011

Agra Fort ,India History ,Layout ,Sites and Structure Of Agra Fort

Agra Fort (Hindi: आगरा क़िला, Urdu: آگرہ قلعہ) is a UNESCO World Heritage site located in Agra, India. It is about 2.5 km northwest of its more famous sister monument, the Taj Mahal. The fort can be more accurately described as a walled city.
.After Panipat, Mughals captured the fort and a vast treasure - which included a diamond that was later named as the Koh-i-Noor diamond - was seized. Babur stayed in the fort in the palace of Ibrahim. He built a baoli (step well) in it. Humayun was crowned here in 1530. Humayun was defeated in Bilgram in 1540. Sher Shah held the fort for five years. The Mughals defeated the Afghans finally at Panipat in 1556.
Realizing the importance of its central situation, Akbar made it his capital and arrived in Agra in 1558. His historian, Abdul Fazal, recorded that this was a brick fort known as 'Badalgarh' . It was in a ruined condition and Akbar had it rebuilt with red sandstone from Barauli area in Rajasthan. Architects laid the foundation and it was built with bricks in the inner core with sandstone on external surfaces. Builders worked on it for eight years, completing it in 1573.
It was only during the reign of Akbar's grandson, Shah Jahan, that the site took on its current state. The legend is that Shah Jahan built the beautiful Taj Mahal for his wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Unlike his grandfather, Shah Jahan tended to have buildings made from white marble, often inlaid with gold or semi-precious gems. He destroyed some of the earlier buildings inside the fort in order to make his own.
At the end of his life, Shah Jahan was imprisoned by his son, Aurangzeb, in the fort. It is rumored that Shah Jahan died in Musamman Burj, a tower with a marble balcony with a view of the Taj Mahal.
The fort was the site of a battle during the Indian rebellion of 1857, which caused the end of the British East India Company's rule in India, and led to a century of direct rule of India by Britain.

Layout

Inside the Musamman Burj, where Shah Jahan spent the last seven years of his life under house arrest by his son [[arijit ]]
Map of the fort
The 94-acre (380,000 m2) fort has a semicircular plan, its chord lies parallel to the river and its walls are seventy feet high. Double ramparts have massive circular bastions at intervals, with battlements, embrasures, machicolations and string courses. Four gates were provided on its four sides, one Khizri gate opening on to the river.
Two of the fort's gates are notable: the "Delhi Gate" and the "Lahore Gate." The Lahore Gate is also popularly also known as the Amar Singh Gate, for Amar Singh Rathore.
Decorated column
The monumental Delhi Gate, which faces the city on the western side of the fort, is considered the grandest of the four gates and a masterpiece of Akbar's time. It was built circa 1568 both to enhance security and as the king's formal gate, and includes features related to both. It is embellished with inlay work in white marble, proof to the richness and power of the Great Mughals. A wooden drawbridge was used to cross the moat and reach the gate from the mainland; inside, an inner gateway called Hathi Pol ("Elephant Gate") - guarded by two life-sized stone elephants with their riders - added another layer of security. The drawbridge, slight ascent, and 90-degree turn between the outer and inner gates make the entrance impregnable. During a siege, attackers would employ elephants to crush a fort's gates. Without a level, straight run-up to gather speed, however, something prevented by this layout, elephants are ineffective.
Because the Indian military (the Parachute Brigade in particular) is still using the northern portion of the Agra Fort, the Delhi Gate cannot be used by the public. Tourists enter via the Amar Singh Gate.
The site is very important in terms of architectural history. Abul Fazal recorded that five hundred buildings in the beautiful designs of Bengal and Gujarat were built in the fort. Some of them were demolished by Shahjahan to make way for his white marble palaces. Most of the others were destroyed by the British between 1803 and 1862 for raising barracks. Hardly thirty Mughal buildings have survived on the south-eastern side, facing the river. Of these, the Delhi Gate and Akbar Gate and one palace - "Bengali Mahal" - are representative Akbari buildings.
Akbar Darwazza (Akbar Gate) was renamed Amar Singh Gate by the British. The gate is similar in design to the Delhi Gate. Both are built of red sandstone.
The Bengali Mahal is built of red sandstone and is now split into Akbari Mahal and Jahangiri mahal.
Some of the most historically interesting mixing of Hindu and Islamic architecture are found here. In fact, some of the Islamic decorations feature haraam (forbidden) images of living creatures - dragons, elephants and birds, instead of the usual patterns and calligraphy seen in Islamic surface decoration.

Sites and structures

The Khas Mahal
Jahangiri mahal
  • Anguri Bagh (Grape Garden)- 85 square, geometrically arranged gardens
  • Diwan-i-Am (Hall of Public Audience) - was used to speak to the people and listen to petitioners and once housed the Peacock Throne
  • Diwan-i-Khas (Hall of Private Audience) - was used to receive kings and dignitary, features black throne of Jehangir
  • Golden Pavilions - beautiful pavilions with roofs shaped like the roofs of Bengali huts
  • Jahangiri Mahal - built by Akbar for his son Jehangir
  • Khas Mahal - white marble palace, one of the best examples of painting on marble
  • Macchi Bhawan (Fish Enclosure) - grand enclosure for harem functions, once had pools and fountains
  • Mina Masjid (Heavenly Mosque) - private mosque used by mujahara
  • Moti Masjid (Pearl Mosque) - mosque built for use by members of royal court
  • Musamman Burj - a large, octagonal tower with a balcony facing the Taj Mahal
  • Takht-i-Jahangir - Throne of Jahangir
  • Nagina Masjid (Gem Mosque) - mosque designed for the ladies of the court
  • Naubat Khana (Drum House) - a place where the king's musicians played
  • Rang Mahal - where the king's wives and mistresses lived
  • Shahi Burj - Shah Jahan's private work area
  • Shah Jahani Mahal - Shah Jahan 's first attempt at modification of the red sandstone palace
Shish Mahal's glass works
  • Sheesh Mahal or Shish Mahal (Mirror Palace) - royal dressing room featuring tiny mirror-like glass-mosaic decorations, and drums built into the walls.
  • Zenana Mina Bazaar (Ladies Bazaar) - right next to the balcony, where only female merchants sold wares
the countrys name is also called the agra forts

Popular culture

  • The Agra Fort won the Aga Khan Award for Architecture in 2004. India Post issued a stamp to commemorate this event
  • The Agra Fort plays a key role in the Sherlock Holmes mystery The Sign of the Four, by Sir Arthur Conan Doyle.
  • The Agra Fort was featured in the music video for Habibi Da, a hit song of Egyptian pop star Hisham Abbas.
  • Shivaji came to Agra in 1666 as per the "Purandar Treaty" entered into with Mirza Raje Jaisingh to met Aurangzeb in the Diwan-i-Khas. In the audience he was deliberately placed behind men of lower rank, Insulted he stormed out of the imperial audience and was confined to Jai Sing 's quarters on 12 May 1666. Fearing the dungeons and execution, in a famously sweet legend, he escaped on 17 August 1666. A heroic equestrian statue of Shivaji has been erected outside the fort.
  • In the second expansion pack for the videogame Age of Empires 3, the Asian Dynasties, Agra fort is one of five wonders for the Indian civilization.

U.S. Bank Tower (Sacramento)

U.S. Bank Tower (also called 621 Capitol Mall) is a 25 story, 123 m (404 ft) building in Sacramento, California. The office tower is located at 621 Capitol Mall and was completed in early 2008. U.S. Bank bought the naming rights and 34,000 sq ft (3,200 m2) of office space. The building's architect is Hellmuth, Obata + Kassabaum, Inc. (HOK) and the general contractor is Hensel Phelps Construction.
The building has a series of LED screens on the top that seem to form a flowing river or waterway at night, with colors changing from light/dark blues to purples.

The tower as completed in 2008.
Former/other name(s) 621 Capitol Mall
General information
Location 621 Capitol Mall
Sacramento, California
Coordinates 38.578611°N 121.499167°WCoordinates: 38.578611°N 121.499167°W
Status Complete
Groundbreaking 2006
Opening Spring 2008
Use Commercial offices
Height
Roof 122.5 m (402 ft)
Technical details
Floor count 25
Elevators 9
Companies involved
Hellmuth, Obata and Kassabaum
Contractor Hensel Phelps Construction
Developer David S. Taylor Interests

Saturday, January 29, 2011

The Most Beutiful, Wonderfull And Historical Places Of Te world


If you were given a choice to visit some of the most beautiful places in the world to live, which one would be your first choice?
Modern world has rushed our rhythm of living – we live faster and spend great deal of time inside our offices or driving from house to work.
We rarely have time to relax because we’re too busy. But it would be great to have a holiday once a year and visit some of the places that are so different than our daily environment in which we live and work.

Some of them are so incredible, that it is almost like we are in some other dimension! Our planet has so many places to offer:
- The Great Barrier Reef – Australia, which is the largest coral reef on Earth;
- Tadj Mahal – India – gorgeous mausoleum built by Shah Jahan;
- the Mausoleum of Emperor Qin I – China, with its famous soldier statues;
- Cape Town – South Africa;
- Machu Picchu – Peru, the sacred place of the ancient Inca people;
- The Pyramids – Egypt, (there are more than 100 of them) – mysterious monuments – pharaoh tombs, the largest one is located in Giza. Each of them has its own mysterious story and visiting the pyramids is always an adventure;
- The Great Canyon of Colorado – USA, an astonishing masterpiece of nature;
- Victoria Waterfalls – Zimbabwe-Zambia border,
- The City of Angkor – Cambodia,
- The Niagara Waterfalls – Canada-USA;
- The Bora- Bora island, French Polynezia and Bali Island – Indonesia – both of the two destinations deserve to be called ‘Paradise on Earth’;
- then there are ‘European beauties’ : Venice – Italy, The Versailles Castle – France, the Eiffel Tower – Paris; the Alhambra – Spain.
Those were just some of them. It would be hard to enumerate all of them at once, so we mentioned several from different parts of the world. So choose the one that is closest to where you live and take an unforgettable tour!
Skardu Valley – Pakistan
Skardu Valley – Pakistan

Skardu Valley is part of the Baltistan. Baltistan is spread over an area of 26,000 square kilometres – just right below the jagged and glaciated ramparts of the Karakoram. Once part of Laddakh, it was known as Tibet-i-Khurd – Little Tibet. Archaeological exploration has proven that it was encompassed by the Silk Trade Route.

Shangrila – Pakistan

Shangrila Resort Skardu, also known as “Heaven on Earth”, is nestled amongst some of the world’s highest peaks. It encircles the heart shaped “Kachura Lake” and is surrounded by fruit laden orchards and flower filled gardens.
Lake Saiful Muluk – Pakistan
Lake Saiful Muluk is a lake located at the northern end of the Kaghan Valley near Naran. A fairy tale called Saiful Muluk, written by the famous sufi poet Mian Muhammad Bakhsh, is associated with the lake. It is the story of prince of Persia who fell in love with a fairy princess at the lake. The impact of the lake beauty is of such extent that people believe that fairies come down to lake in full moon.

The Grand Canyon, United States
The Grand Canyon
The Grand Canyon, United States

The Grand Canyon
The Grand Canyon, United States

A steep gorge by the Colorado River, Arizona in the United States, the Grand Canyon has some truly enjoyable scenery. It is 277 miles in length, 4 to 18 miles in width, and about a mile deep. Scientists believe that the canyon was created by the Colorado River over a six million year period.
The Grand Canyon
Grand Canyon Overlook
canyon_viewpoint
Native Americans built settlements in the caves within the canyon before the emigration of Europeans. It was also considered to be a site of pilgrimage by the Pueblo people. The first recorded visit to the Grand Canyon by the Europeans was in 1869. Although it is not the deepest canyon in the world, it is known for its extremely large size and beautifully intricate landscape. The Grand Canyon National Park is said to be one of the first national parks in the United States and it attracts more than five million visitors a year. Weather conditions in the Grand Canyon vary greatly between seasons as well as varying at different elevations. While winter snow is experienced by the higher forested rims, the inner gorge has a desert temperature because of the low elevation.

The Great Barrier Reef, Australia
One of the natural wonders of the world, the Great Barrier Reef off the east coast of Australia is the world’s largest coral reef. It has the distinction of being placed in the World Heritage as well as the National Heritage lists.
Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Great Barrier Reef
The Great Barrier Reef, Australia

Great Barrier Reef
With more than 600 islands and coral cays, the reef covers more than 300,000 sq. km. Corals make up the reefs and cays and are responsible for a huge variety of sea life in the reef — green turtles, several varieties of whales and dolphins, the dugong, about 4000 types of mollusks, 1500 different species of fish, as well as beautifully colored bird life encompassing at least 200 species. The Great Reef Marine Park is a huge tourist attraction with millions of tourists visiting the area each year. Sporting activities include reef sailing, scuba diving, and snorkeling, amongst others.
Cape Town, South Africa
Aptly called “Heaven on earth,” this beautiful town at the tip of the African continent, with small roads surrounded by huge mountains, makes a person feel small; showing how marvelous and dominating nature can actually be.
Cape Town at Night
Cape Town 'ANigt Sigt', South Africa

Cape Town
Cape Town
The Cape Dutch style buildings depict the architectural heritage of the place. Beauty abounds in the black clouds that seem to pay homage to Table Mountain at all times. Cape Point, Signal Hill, Chapman’s Peak Drive, Victoria & Alfred Waterfront, Robben Island, Rhodes Memorial, and the beaches are some of the famous tourist attractions. Located on the shore of Table Bay, Cape Town is famous for its natural floral kingdom as well as its harbor. This town is one of the most popular tourist attractions of South Africa with its wine tasting day trips, whale watching, and dolphin watching.
Taj Mahal, India
The Taj Mahal in India is one of the wonders of the world and is one of the most beautiful mausoleums constructed by the Mughal emperor, Shah Jahan, in memory of his favorite queen, Mumtaz Mahal. Located in Agra, white marble was used in the construction of this symbol of love, and the Taj Mahal is considered to be the pinnacle of Mughal architecture.
Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal, India

Taj Mahal
Taj Mahal, India

Taj Mahal
As the story goes, the emperor was grief-stricken when he lost his beloved third wife, Mumtaz Mahal. It took thousands of craftsmen and artisans, and about twenty years to construct it. The masons, stone cutters, carvers, inlayers, calligraphers, painters, and others were brought from throughout the entire empire as well as from Iran and Central Asia. Semi-precious stones were used for inlay ornamentation. It later became the mausoleum of Shah Jahan too. This is a huge tourist attraction with one to two million tourists visiting it every year.
Canadian Rockies, Canada
The majestic Canadian Rockies are the Canadian segment of the North American Rocky Mountains. They are a visitor’s wonderland and the playground for western Canada. They are older than the American Rockies and are formed from over thrusting.
Canadian Rockies
Canadian Rockies, Canada

Canadian Rockies to Moraine Lake
Canadian Rockies, Canada

Glacier at Canadian Rockies
The Canadian Rockies house five national parks, and four of those national parks (along with other provincial parks) combine to form a single UNESCO World Heritage Site that consists of beautiful mountain landscapes, lakes, canyons, waterfalls, glaciers, peaks, limestone caves, and fossils. Mount Robson is the highest peak of the Canadian Rockies and climbing it is considered a challenge. These beautiful mountains are a haven for hikers and walkers alike.
Machu Picchu, Peru
Machu Picchu in Peru, which means ‘Old Peak,” is one of the most enigmatic ancient sites in the world. According to legend, Machu Picchu was long ago considered to be a sacred place. The credit for the creation of the extraordinary city goes to the Inca people who have erected many stone structures and turned the place into a work of art.
Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu, Peru


Machu Picchu
Machu Picchu, Peru

Machu Picchu
Two thousand feet above the Urubamba river, these ruins consist of baths, temples, palaces, and about 150 houses, all very well preserved. These gray granite structures, some of which weigh more than 50 tons, are so perfectly sculpted that they are nothing less than works of architectural genius. They were rediscovered by a Yale archaeologist in 1911. The ethereal beauty, workmanship, and history of the place attracts millions of tourists each year.
The Pyramids, Egypt
The Egyptian pyramids are massive monuments with a square base and four triangular sides rising up to a point. There is still a lot of curiosity (and many theories) as to how the pyramids were actually constructed.
Egypt
The Pyramids, Egypt

Egyptian Pyramids
The Pyramids, Egypt

Pyramids of Egypt
sphinx_and_pyramids
It is generally believed that the Egyptians began constructing them after 2700 B.C. and that they were built as tombs for the pharaohs. The most well-known (and the largest) pyramids of Egypt are the Pyramids at Giza which are said to be the largest ever built. It’s said that the Great Pyramid at Giza took 23 years to complete, using a work force of around 30,000 people. About 118 pyramids have been identified, and they are popular and intriguing to tourists and home researchers alike.
Petra, Jordan
Described by the UNESCO as “one of the most precious cultural properties of man’s cultural heritage”, Petra is an archeological site on the slope of Mount Hor. It is one of the new wonders of the world and is famous for its rock-cut architecture.
Petra
Petra, Jordan

Petra
Petra, Jordan

Petra Attraction
Ed Deir Petra
This site was kept hidden until 1812 when it was discovered by a Swiss explorer. It was said to have been prepared by God for the Jewish people. Petra once flourished under the Roman empire but a rapid decline began with the Arabian trade being taken elsewhere. Then an earthquake caused a great deal of destruction. Tourists frequent the place to get a glimpse of the ruins of this beautiful city.
Great Wall of China, China
One of the seven wonders of the world, the Great Wall of China is a man-made structure that was constructed over two thousand years ago and took about 100 years to complete. The vastness of this project brings to light the immense capabilities of man.
Great Wall of China
Great Wall of China, China

Great Wall of China
Great Wall of China, China

Great Wall of China
The constructions started in the 5th Century B.C. It is actually not a single wall, but rather many walls put together, and it stretches over 4,000 miles. It was constructed to protect the Chinese Empire from the Xiongnu people in the north. The wall was initially built of stone, grass, earth, and wood, but bricks were used once the production started. It is believed that about 2-3 million Chinese died during the construction project.
The Iguazu Waterfalls, Argentina-Brazil Border

Heralded as the most beautiful waterfalls in the world, the Iguazu Waterfalls are a true wonder of nature. They are located at the border of Argentina, Brazil, and Paraguay. While the Argentinean side allows visitors to walk right around the water or explore the National Park, the Brazilian side is known for its panoramic views and splendor.
The Iguazu Waterfalls
The Iguazu Waterfalls, Argentina-Brazil Border

The Iguazu Waterfalls
The Iguazu Waterfalls, Argentina-Brazil Border

The Iguazu Waterfalls
The Iguazu Waterfalls, Argentina-Brazil Border

First Lady Eleanor Roosevelt is believed to have exclaimed upon seeing these falls, “poor Niagara.” The area surrounding the falls provides ample opportunities for rock climbing as well as water sports. Iguazu has the distinction of having a greater annual flow than any other waterfall in the world.
With all of these, and many more beautiful places that exist in our world, we surrounded by choices. The only way to decide on the places to visit is to follow your heart. While some may love the tranquility of water, others may bury themselves deep in architectural miracles, ancient sites, or the serenity of a small town.